The Association Between Overweight And Obesity During The...

Abstract The present study is a prospective cohort study to assess the association between overweight and obesity during the preschool years (ages 3 to 5) and a diagnosis of Type II Diabetes in adolescence (ages 15 to 17) in a cohort of 500 three- to five-year-olds in Vancouver preschools. Type II Diabetes is a disease that has a large financial burden on society and requires daily self-administration of medication. It is considered much more desirable to prevent the onset of Type II Diabetes in children rather than to treat it. For this study, data will be obtained from school records, medical records, and parent self-report at two time points: (a) first, in 2014, and (b) second, in 2026. Data will include comprehensive information†¦show more content†¦With the known risks of long-term consequences including hypertension, diabetes, respiratory problems, orthopedic issues, adolescent and adult obesity, and psychosocial disorders, this is a very disturbing trend (Gutin et al., 1990 ; Hannon et al., 2005; Murugan Sharma, 2008; Taylor et al., 2006; Dietz, 1998). A causal relationship was established between obesity and insulin resistance (Weiss et al., 2004; Caprio, 2002), and an association between obesity and dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and long-term vascular complications has been suggested (Weiss et al., 2004, p. 2363). The cause for the rise in obesity in children in the United States is considered complex and multifactorial (Anderson and Butcher, 2006; Forshee et al., 2008), but several theories have been proposed, the strongest of which includes the suggestion that the average American diet consists of energy-dense, high calorie foods, paired with physical inactivity (Hossain et al., 2007). Other factors that have been proposed include increased television viewing (Anderson and Butcher, 2006), maternal obesity (Shankar et al., 2008), cultural views of obesity and health (de Onis et al., 2010; Dixon et al., 2012), socioeconomic class (Dixon et al., 2012), built environment (Dixon et al., 2012), and increased consumption of sugar-loaded, or